• Boarding Schools: Sheikh and Amoud
  (1946-1957)
• Completion of education up to
  a Secondary Level.
• Advanced Level: GCE Examinations,
  London (1958-1960)
• University of Manchester, England
  -Honors Bachelor’s Degree in Economics (1960-63)
• University of Manchester, England
  - Master’s Degree, Economics (1963-65)

Positions held included: Head of
Economic Planning Services; Director, Development Planning
Department; and director general for the Ministry.

• Participated in wide ranging forums
  relating to different aspects of development in various parts
  of the world such as America, Soviet Union, UK, Switzerland,
  France Germany, India, and a number of African Countries.
• Also participated in a number of
  training programs under United Nations auspices including
  UNITAR, UNIDO, Economic Commission for Africa and so forth.
• Benefitted from a Leadership grant
  related to the development field, visiting different organs
  of state and federal government and regions throughout the
  United States organized by the Afro-American Institute.

• Attended sessions of the United
  Nations, OAU, Arab League, as well as Islamic and Non-Aligned
  Movement conferences.

• UN Special Sessions in New York;
• OAU and Arab League, EEC-ACP,
  Ministerial Meetings, as well as to many countries throughout
  the world;
• Non Aligned Conference in Lima,
  Peru 1976;
• UNCTAD in Nairobi, Kenya 1977.

• Established offices and organized
  SNM committees throughout Europe, North America and the Arab
  world.
• Raised international awareness
  of the liberation movement and the brutality of the Siad
  Barre regime against his own people through representations
  to international human rights groups, the press media, various
  European government bodies, including the British parliament
  and the European Inter-parliamentary Union, as well as relevant
  organizations in the Arab and Islamic world.
• Embarked on a program of recruitment
  of important southern personalities and groups to join the
  SNM movement.
• Lectures and presentations to
  the international academic world. Gave lectures at various
  Universities and relevant forums throughout the United Kingdom
  and the United States.

• Longest serving Chairman and in
  command throughout the most tumultuous, expansive and decisive
  period of the movement.

• The first major, simultaneous
  and coordinated invasion of the SNM troops into the mountainous
  regions of Somaliland (October 1984).
• Major expansion of SNM fronts
  in the southern as well as the northwest regions (Awdal).
• The agreement between the Siad
  Barre regime and Mengistu was at one point expected to bring
  the whole struggle to its knees. But SNM masterminded the
  famous invasion of 1988, which proved to be the death-blow
  of the Siad Barre regime.
• Peaceful transfer of power in
  a spirit of unity at the 1990 SNM congress (i.e., the last
  ever to be held).

• Attended and played a key role
  at the Congress of Somaliland representatives in Burao in
  May, 1991 where Somaliland re-established its sovereignty.
• Initiated and organized the famous
  Forum For Peace which brought about the ceasefire agreement
  between the warring parties in the so-called Xarbal Aqnam
  war around Berbera in 1992.
• Initiated the movement which brought
  about an end to the internal war of 1996 which ended at Beer
  in the Burao region where formal agreement of cessation of
  hostilities was finalized and exchange of prisoners was undertaken.

Achievements included:

• Masterminding an end to the
  run away inflation that threatened the economy of Somaliland;
• Resolved the vexing problems
  of ration supplies to the armed forces;
• Initiated a program of fiscal
  reform.

Achievements included:

• Establishment of mechanisms
  for the coordination of aid programs between the government
  and the foreign aid community.
• Initiated the formulation of
  a three-year development plan.
• Organized well-attended conference
  on aid for Somaliland at the international level for the
  first time in Hargesia.
• Attended and addressed the SACB
  (Somalia Aid Coordination Body) in Nairobi, Kenya–the
  first Somaliland government Minister to do so.
• Led Somaliland government delegation
  to meet World Bank and IMF representatives in Nairobi.

• During the period of working with
  President Egal, played an important and decisive roles as
  a mediator in preventing crisis with respect to incidents
  relating to the relationship between Djibouti and Somaliland,
  Somaliland and Ethiopia, SNM veterans and the Egal regime,
  House of Representatives and Egals government.
• Spent a period abroad giving talks
  and addressing the Somaliland communities in the disapora
  in Europe and the United States raising awareness on the
  achievements and developments of the country.
• On return to the country, mounted
  a campaign to resolve a national crisis between the Egal
  regime and the opposition forces, which came close to starting
  a fresh round of fighting in the country.

• The youngest political organization
  in the country established in early 2002. Within a short
  period of time, it emerged as one of the most active and
  prominent political organizations in the country.
• It initiated carrying the campaign
  to the countryside and the rural areas.
• It pursued a no smear campaign
  policy towards other political parties, public education
  on the merits of the multiparty system and the democratic
  process, as well as the vital importance of conducting a
  peaceful election.
• The only party, which appointed
  a woman Vice-Chair.
• It was rewarded for this overall
  policy by being voted second overall nationally after the
  incumbent government party.